Mesothelioma is a rare cancer arising most often from the lining of the lungs (pleura), and its diagnosis can be challenging because several other diseases can produce similar pleural thickening. Doctors typically distinguish mesothelioma through a combination of medical history, imaging such as CT scans, and—when appropriate—a biopsy examined by a pathologist using specialized immunohistochemical tests.
A history of asbestos exposure can raise suspicion, but exposure alone does not establish a diagnosis. Because mesothelioma can resemble metastatic cancer, lung cancer, infection, or benign pleural disease, definitive evaluation generally requires assessment by specialists experienced in pleural disorders.
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